Abstract
BackgroundThis study aimed to investigate the microshear bond strength of universal bonding adhesives to leucite-reinforced glass-ceramic.MethodsLeucite-reinforced glass-ceramic blocks were polished and etched with 9.5% hydrofluoric acid for 1 min. The specimens were assigned to one of four groups based on their surface conditioning (n = 16): 1) NC: negative control with no further treatment; 2) SBU: Single Bond Universal (3M ESPE); 3) ABU: ALL-BOND Universal (Bisco); and 4) PC: RelyX Ceramic Primer and Adper Scotchbond Multi-Purpose Adhesive (3M ESPE) as a positive control. RelyX Ultimate resin cement (3M ESPE) was placed on the pretreated ceramic and was light cured. Eight specimens from each group were stored in water for 24 h, and the remaining eight specimens were thermocycled 10,000 times prior to microshear bond strength evaluation. The fractured surfaces were examined by stereomicroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).ResultsAfter water storage and thermocycling, the microshear bond strength values decreased in the order of PC > SBU and ABU > NC (P < 0.05). Thermocycling significantly reduced the microshear bond strength, regardless of the surface conditioning used (P < 0.05). Cohesive failure in the ceramic and mixed failure in the ceramic and resin cement were observed in the fractured specimens. The percentage of specimens with cohesive failure after 24 h of water storage was: NC (50%), SBU (75%), ABU (75%), and PC (87%). After thermocycling, the percentage of cohesive failure in NC decreased to 25%; however, yet the percentages of the other groups remained the same.ConclusionsAlthough the bond strength between resin and hydrofluoric acid-etched glass ceramic was improved when universal adhesives were used, conventional surface conditioning using a separate silane and adhesive is preferable to a simplified procedure that uses only a universal adhesive for cementation of leucite-reinforced glass-ceramic.
Highlights
This study aimed to investigate the microshear bond strength of universal bonding adhesives to leucite-reinforced glass-ceramic
The performance of the two universal adhesives with regards to the μSBS at the interface between leucitereinforced glass-ceramic and resin cement was found to be highest in the positive control, wherein a traditional bonding technique was used that entailed the separate application of silane and adhesive
SBU was expected to produce a greater bond strength than ABU; the μSBS values obtained for each were the same. This implies that the silane contained in SBU failed to produce any significant chemical bonds with the ceramic, especially considering the lower bond strength compared to the positive control
Summary
This study aimed to investigate the microshear bond strength of universal bonding adhesives to leucite-reinforced glass-ceramic. Dental ceramics can be broadly defined based on their composition as either silica-based or non-silica-based. This difference has pronounced clinical implications, as hydrofluoric acid treatment only modifies the microstructure of. To ensure an optimum bond with silica-based ceramics, the recommended surface conditioning prior to luting with a resin cement includes hydrofluoric acid etching to create a micromechanically retentive surface [2,3] This is followed by silane application to provide a chemical covalent and hydrogen bond [4,5] and the application of a bonding agent [6]. Kim et al Biomaterials Research (2015) 19:11 bonding This conventional bonding procedure is time-consuming and technique sensitive, and requires various products and armamentarium. Because multiple procedures are required for different products, there is a greater tendency for error between steps if each procedure is not executed in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendation
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