Abstract
.Proposed interventions for eliminating drug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum malaria include the targeting of asymptomatic carriers through screening and treatment. We report on the diagnostic performance of the recently developed ultrasensitive rapid diagnostic test (uRDT) compared with screening with conventional RDTs (cRDT) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) under field conditions in Cambodia in a total of 2,729 individuals. The P. falciparum positivity by quantitative PCR (qPCR) was 3.8% (26/678) in those screened during active case detection and 0.5% (10/2,051) in the cross-sectional survey. Compared with qPCR, the sensitivity of the uRDTs was 53.8% (95% CI: 33.4–73.4%) when used in active case detection and 60.0% (95% CI: 26.2–87.8%) in the cross-sectional survey. The uRDTs did not show a significant improvement in diagnostic performance over cRDTs when used for active case detection and for a malaria prevalence survey in the context of this low-transmission setting.
Highlights
To eliminate P. falciparum malaria, treatment strategies that solely focused on patients presenting with symptomatic malaria are unlikely to be sufficient
We report on the diagnostic performance of the recently developed ultrasensitive rapid diagnostic test compared with screening with conventional RDTs and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) under field conditions in Cambodia in a total of 2,729 individuals
The ultrasensitive rapid diagnostic test (uRDT) did not show a significant improvement in diagnostic performance over conventional RDTs (cRDT) when used for active case detection and for a malaria prevalence survey in the context of this low-transmission setting
Summary
To eliminate P. falciparum malaria, treatment strategies that solely focused on patients presenting with symptomatic malaria are unlikely to be sufficient. We report on the diagnostic performance of the recently developed ultrasensitive rapid diagnostic test (uRDT) compared with screening with conventional RDTs (cRDT) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) under field conditions in Cambodia in a total of 2,729 individuals.
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