Performance of two commercial multiplex polymerase chain reaction assays for the etiological diagnosis of sexually transmitted infections among men who have sex with men.

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the etiologies of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Taiwan. Two commercial assays, the BD MAX Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (GC), and Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) panel and the Allplex™ STI Essential assay (CT, GC, Mycoplasma genitalium [MG], Mycoplasma hominis [MH], Ureaplasma urealyticum [UU], Ureaplasma parvum [UP], and TV) were evaluated. During the first stage, urine and rectal swab samples from 168 patients were evaluated using the BD MAX assay, and the multiplex RT-PCR Allplex™ STI Essential assay was applied only to the patients with positive results on the BD MAX asay (n=49). During the second stage, urine and rectal swab samples from 90 patients were evaluated using the BD MAX assay and the Allplex™ qPCR. The Allplex qPCR identified all CT, missed one and additionally one TV from the positive samples (n=49) by the BD MAX assay in the first stage. At the second stage, both commercial assays showed similar detection rate of CT, NG or CT/NG coinfection (11.1%, 1.1% and 4.4% by the BD MAX assay; 10.0%, 1.1% and 2.2% by the Allplex qPCR). The positivity rates of MG, MH, and UU by the Allplex qPCR were 4.4%, 2.2%, and 12.2%, respectively, for urine samples and 10%, 13.3%, and 22.2%, respectively, for anal swab samples. High rates of STI-associated etiologies were observed in MSM. The positive rates were higher in rectal swabs than in urine samples.