Abstract
The performance of three-layered organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) was investigated using TPD hole-transport and injection layers, Teflon-AF, and the electron-injection layer of Li2CO3 and LiF. The OLEDs were manufactured in a structure of TPD/Alq3/LiF, TPD/Alq3/Li2CO3, and AF/Alq3/LiF using low-molecular organic materials. In three different three-layered OLEDs, it was found that the device with the TPD/Alq3/LiF structure shows higher performance in maximum luminance, and maximum external quantum efficiency compared to those of the device with TPD/Alq3/Li2CO3 and TPD/Alq3/LiF by 35% and 17%, and 193% and 133%, respectively. It is thought that the combined LiF/Al cathode contributes to a reduced work function and improves an electrical conduction mechanism due to the electron injection rather than the hole transport, which then increases a recombination rate of charge carriers.
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