Abstract
As micro grids are gradually being deployed in many areas, communication technology is becoming important for collecting data and controlling devices in micro grids. In a micro grid, various devices are distributed and perform their respective functions. These devices exchange information with each other and transmit information to the micro grid management system. This micro grid environment is similar to the IoT environment in which information is exchanged in the presence of a large number of devices. Recent studies have tried to apply various IoT protocols as a communication protocol in the micro grid. However, the data model used in current research is limited in proprietary data mapping. Recently, IEC TC 57 published another IEC 61850 series which maps the IEC 61850 services to XMPP (eXtensible Messaging Presence Protocol), which was the first IoT protocol mapping of IEC 61850. Few research has shown that the mapping of the IEC 61850 data model to the IoT protocol and communication boundary is limited in a lab environment. We developed a micro grid test-bed with an IEC 61850 data and service model, and mapped to two IoT protocols, that is, XMPP and the MQTT (Message Queuing Telemetry Transport). By combining IoT protocol with the IEC 61850 data and service model, the proposed micro grid architecture can provide interoperability with any DMS or other power utility system. Performance analysis was conducted on the test-bed by measuring various metrics, such as the response time, packet size, and packet loss, over a public network.
Highlights
Micro grids have been deployed in many areas, such as islands, schools, and hospitals
Few research has shown that the mapping of the IEC 61850 data model to the Internet of Things (IoT) protocol and communication boundary is limited in a lab environment
This paper presented a performance analysis of IoT protocols to exchange data between the Distribution Management System (DMS) and the micro grids that comply with IEC 61850 standards over the public Internet
Summary
Micro grids have been deployed in many areas, such as islands, schools, and hospitals. In order for the MGMS to perform these functions, data exchange with a Distribution Management System (DMS) through a public network is inevitable. Internet of Things (IoT) communication protocols are closely related to the micro grid in the sense that the data are distributed over the area and prefer the publisher/subscriber paradigm. To ensure the feasibility of IoT protocol, performance analysis should be conducted in a public, wide area network. Another main stream of research on micro grids is cyber attacks in power systems [12,13,14]. The communication between the DMS and the MGMS was performed over public, wide-area Internet over IEC 61850 mapping to IoT protocols. Both the XMPP and the MQTT offer SSL-based security, so security features are not considered in this paper
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