Abstract
In order to evaluate the performance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), daily feeding amounts were varied in an experiment following a completely randomized design for 154 days and consisting of four treatments with three replications each, totaling 12 tanks with 3 m3 (3 x 1 x 1 m) of area each at densities of 5 fish m-3 (initial) and 3 fish m-3 until the end of the experiment. Throughout the experimental period, the daily amount of feed was varied and delimited for each feeding time (8h00, 11h00, 14h00 and 17h00) as: 25; 25; 25 and 25% in daily treatment 1 - T1; 20; 30; 30 and 20% in treatment 2 - T2; 30; 20; 20 and 30% in daily treatment 3 - T3; and 20; 30; 20 and 30% in treatment 4 - T4. Feed was offered six days a week, with extruded isocaloric (1,412 KJ) and isoproteic (32% crude protein) diets from 2 to 4 mm. Every two weeks, a sample containing 30% of stocked individuals was collected in each replication to monitor fish growth. Nile tilapia (O. niloticus) fed in daily amounts of 20; 30; 20 and 30% showed a better growth performance in the final of experiment, mainly on biomass, final average weight and feed conversion.
Highlights
Aquaculture is the cultivation of aquatic organisms with the intervention of man in the breeding process with the aim of increasing production, in operations such as reproduction, stocking, feeding, and protection against predators, among others (FAO, 1990).Brazil has the most ichthyic fauna and the largest hydrographic basins in the world, such as the Amazon, Prata, and São Francisco basins
This study aimed to evaluate the influence of different feed amounts offered throughout the day on the growth performance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
Fish performance in the first stage of the experiment Adequate feed frequency stimulates fish to look for food at predetermined times and contributes to improve feed conversion, increases weight gain, reduces ration waste and production costs, provides better quality of cultivation water, as well as to provide a greater opportunity to observe the health status of the fish by means of alterations in the food activity (SANCHES; HAYASHI, 2001; CARNEIRO; MIKOS, 2005; SANTOS et al, 2014)
Summary
Aquaculture is the cultivation of aquatic organisms with the intervention of man in the breeding process with the aim of increasing production, in operations such as reproduction, stocking, feeding, and protection against predators, among others (FAO, 1990).Brazil has the most ichthyic fauna and the largest hydrographic basins in the world, such as the Amazon, Prata, and São Francisco basins. The Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, stands out in fish farming in the interior waters of regions with hot climates, both in ground tanks and cages, or net-tanks, the latter being greatly used in large reservoirs (ARAUJO et al, 2010). Characteristics such as high productivity, hardiness, a large capacity for adaptation, and fillets that are highly accepted in the consumer market are qualities that justify this prominence (MEURER et al, 2000)
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