Abstract
Experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of high osmotic pressures on the performance of Du Pont Permasep membranes in Osmosis, Reverse Osmosis (RO), and Pressure-Retarded Osmosis (PRO). It was found that while the water permeation coefficient A decreased at high osmotic pressures, no permanent adverse change occurred in the osmosis characteristics of the B-9 flat sheet membrane. The performance of B-9 sheet improved in RO after soaking in concentrated brine solutions. By contrast, an improvement in salt rejection together with a modest decline in water permeation rate was observed for the B-10 fiber. In PRO, however, the water permeation coefficient decreased as a result of permanent change in the porous substructure of the membrane. For these membranes, which must always be kept wet, the change in the porous substructure may be a result of “osmotic dehydration”.
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