Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to prove that waste palm oil industry (POME) can be used as raw material (source of energy) for biodiesel. In the production process, palm oil mill produced large amounts of waste. The provision of a shelter pond system is a temporary solution from palm oil mill to relocate the liquid waste. With BOD content with range 25,625 to 39,616.7 mg/l and COD content with range 117,333.3 to 146,333.3 mg/l, this condition will generate a serious problem for environmental pollution. Therefore, it is important to test the characteristics of waste oil from each pond. The hexane solvent extraction method is used to separate the oil from the liquid waste. The first pond contains 51.3% water, 21% oil, 2% sludge & sediment and 5.6% free fatty acids. The second pond contains 86.7% water, 16.1% oil, 2.4% sludge & sediment and 8% free fatty acids. The third pond contains 74% water, 6.8% oil, 3.1% sludge & sediment and 12.2% free fatty acid and the fourth pond contains 78.7% water, 3.7% oil, 2% sludge & sediment and 13.3% free fatty acids. Based on the results of this research, the characteristics of POME and its oil losses are the fraction of oil wasted from Crude Palm Oil (CPO) processing, whereas CPO has characteristics as a raw material for Biodiesel. POME should be processed into biodiesel since the liquid waste is discarded from palm oil mill, so there is no need a big land to make waste storage ponds.
Highlights
Indonesia has a great potential to utilize biomass energy from the palm oil industry which has 8% growth per year [1]. Behind this potential, there is a negative impact of liquid waste that is often called Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME)
From the result of research and explanation above, it is found that POME characteristic from each pond does not fulfill the Ministry of Environment and Forestry’s regulation No.5/2014 about waste water quality standard
The oil and grease content in each pond explains that the oil losses obtained from POME have potential as a source of energy, especially for biodiesel source
Summary
Indonesia has a great potential to utilize biomass energy from the palm oil industry which has 8% growth per year [1] Behind this potential, there is a negative impact of liquid waste that is often called Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME). The liquid waste seepage will cause water and soil contamination around the factory area and release large amounts of methane gas and other hazardous gases, leading to greenhouse gas emissions [2]. To resolve this problem, palm oil mill management has provided a number of waste storage ponds, or so-called ponds.
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