Abstract
The present study evaluated the use of the indigenous probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum and commercial probiotic containing Bacillus spp. in the culture of L. vannamei in a biofloc system. Shrimp were fed with four diets: L. plantarum, Bacillus spp., L. plantarum + Bacillus spp. and feed with no additives. Growth performance, water quality variables and microbiological counting of water and digestive tract of shrimp were determined. The control group and L. plantarum treatment showed better growth performance. The highest feed conversion ratio (FCR) and the lowest survival were obtained in the L. plantarum + Bacillus spp. treatment, which had significantly higher nitrite values. Vibrio spp. counts in the water were lower in the L. plantarum and L. plantarum + Bacillus spp. treatments and were lower in the intestinal tract in the L. plantarum treatment. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) was higher in the L. plantarum treatment in the water and digestive tract. The count of total heterotrophic bacteria (THB) deferred only among Bacillus spp. and L. plantarum + Bacillus spp. treatment, being higher in the latter group. In Bacillus spp. treatment, no presence of LAB was detected in the water or intestinal tract. We conclude that the use of L. plantarum combined with Bacillus spp. negatively affected survival, FCR and water quality, but that the use of L. plantarum alone reduced the presence of Vibrio spp., even though it did not change the growth performance of L. vannamei.
Highlights
In recent years, intensification associated with the failure to adopt good production practices has been responsible for the emergence of both viral and bacterial diseases, causingBolívar-Ramírez et al, Bol
The highest feed conversion ratio (FCR) and the lowest survival were obtained in the L. plantarum + Bacillus spp. treatment, which had significantly higher nitrite values
We conclude that the use of L. plantarum combined with Bacillus spp. negatively affected survival, FCR and water quality, but that the use of L. plantarum alone reduced the presence of Vibrio spp., even though it did not change the growth performance of L. vannamei
Summary
Intensification associated with the failure to adopt good production practices has been responsible for the emergence of both viral and bacterial diseases, causingBolívar-Ramírez et al, Bol. Important economic losses in marine shrimp farming (FAO, 2020). To reduce this problem, more efficient and sustainable alternative technologies, such as biofloc technology (BFT), have been adopted (Krummenauer et al, 2014). Bacteria of the genus Vibrio are considered opportunistic or secondary pathogens and are naturally present in the shrimp farming environment and intestinal microbiota (Gopal et al, 2005). This pathogen is highly capable of taking advantage of changes in the system and occupying ecological niches related to the use of water as a growing environment in aquaculture systems. This pathogen is highly capable of taking advantage of changes in the system and occupying ecological niches related to the use of water as a growing environment in aquaculture systems. (Skjermo and Vadstein, 1999)
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