Abstract
Bone health screening plays a vital role in the early diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis to prevent fragility fractures among the elderly and high-risk individuals. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), which detects bone mineral density, is the gold standard in diagnosing osteoporosis but is not suitable for screening. Therefore, many screening tools have been developed to identify individuals at risk for osteoporosis and prioritize them for DXA scanning. The Osteoporosis Self-assessment Tool (OST) is among the first tools established to predict osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. It can identify the population at risk for osteoporosis, but its performance varies according to ethnicity, gender, and age. Thus, these factors should be considered to ensure the optimal use of OST worldwide. Overall, OST is a simple and economical screening tool to predict osteoporosis and it can help to optimize the use of DXA.
Highlights
Osteoporosis is a progressive bone metabolic disease
The performance of Osteoporosis Self-assessment Tool (OST) in predicting osteoporosis has been tested in various Asian and non-Asian populations. It demonstrates good predictive values in terms of sensitivity, specificity, and AUC when bone mineral density (BMD) is used as the reference
Some modifications in the OST cutoff should be made and tested to optimize its performance prior to its deployment, since the performance may vary according to age, sex, ethnicities, and the site of BMD measurement
Summary
Osteoporosis is a progressive bone metabolic disease. It is undetectable until a bone fracture occurs. The Asians encompassed 55% of the population at risk for fragility fractures worldwide [3]. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry cannot be widely used for osteoporosis screening due to its high cost and limited availability in most developing countries [7]. 22 of Various clinical risk assessment tools have been developed to evaluate the risk of osteoporosis [8]. 4), andAsian high performed well to determine women risk of osteoporosis [11]. The OSTA review amongsummarized various Asian populations, but performance the performance of OST in non-Asian countries was present and compared the of OST in determining osteoporosis risk not examined [13]. Determining osteoporosis risk among the Asian and non-Asian population
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