Abstract
One effort to increase corn production is through the use of new superior varieties (NSV) hybrid corn and composite corn. This study aims to determine the performance of growth and yields of four NSV hybrid corn and composite corn. The study was conducted in Merauke Regency, Papua since August to December 2018. The design used was Randomized Group Design (RGD) based on one factorial with 5 sub factors, each hybrid corn; HJ 21 Nasa variety, Nasa 29 variety and composite corn; Lamuru variety, Bisma variety, Sukmaraga variety. The results of the study at various ages of plant height were not affected significantly, the number of leaves were significantly affected by 30 days after planting (DAP) and at harvest time. Leaves width at various ages had no significant effect, while leaves length and stem diameter were all observed at the highest leaf length with the effect of 30 days after planting (DAP) Nasa 29 (75 cm) but 60 days after planting (DAP) and at harvest HJ 21 Agritan 93 cm. Then the largest stem diameter of Nasa 29 (1.7 cm) was 30 days after planting (DAP) and 60 days after planting (DAP)- at harvest was each 2.5 cm. Difference of the longest cob length of HJ 21 agritan 38.4 cm, diameter of the largest cob 5.1 cm, the highest number of lines per cob 15.8 seeds, the heaviest weight of 1000 HJ 21 Agritan 420.6 g, heaviest dry harvest Nasa 29 (12.4 t/ha) and the heaviest dry pipelines Nasa 29 (9.2 t/ha). The overall performance of the results significantly affected both hybrid corn and composite corn.
Highlights
Indonesia still importing corn in the last five years and this year the government was targeting no imports for the commodity
This study aims to determine the performance of growth and yields of four new superior varieties (NSV) hybrid corn and composite corn
The results showed the hybrid corn cobs were longer varieties of HJ 21 Agritan 38.4 cm, Nasa 29 (20) cm compared to the composite corn respectively Bisma 17.7 cm, Lamuru 18, 9 cm and 16.9 cm
Summary
Indonesia still importing corn in the last five years and this year the government was targeting no imports for the commodity. The national corn production in 2015 was 19.61 million tons while the national corn demand was 16.30 million tons (Pusdatin, 2017). Indonesia still imported corn approximately 2.40 million tons, because the demand for corn for the feed industry was 8.90 million tons (BPS, 2018). The indicative targets for planting area, harvested area, productivity, and corn production in Papua in 2016 were 3,108 ha, 2,736 ha, 24.36 t/ha, and 6,666.02 tons, respectively (BPS, 2018). In the 20 years, the use of corn for feed was expected to increase even after 2020 with estimation to be more than 60% of the total national needs. Ministry of Agriculture's policy in 2014 was targeting hybrid corn cultivation to reach 75% (Sutarjo et al,. 2013)
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