Abstract
We report on the generation and transmission of 30 GHz millimeter-wave (MMW) beat-tone signals employing external- (EIL) and self-injection-locked (SIL) InAs/InP quantum-dash based dual-wavelength laser (QD-DWL) sources emitting in mid L-band. Later, successful transmission of 2 Gbps quadrature phase-shift-keying (QPSK) signal over clear weather conditions on 2 m wireless (WL), and hybrid channels consisting of 20 km single-mode fiber (SMF) and 2 m WL, and 20 km single-mode fiber (SMF), 5 m free-space-optics (FSO) and 2 m WL, are demonstrated employing both MMW sources, with a slight ∼1.4 dBm extra received optical power requirement from SIL QD-DWL. Lastly, examining the effect of dusty weather conditions on the MMW transmission over 20 km SMF, 0.9 m FSO and 1 m WL hybrid channel, considering both EIL and SIL sources, showed maximum visibility range (V) of 12 ± 2 m and 16 ± 2 m for successful transmission, respectively. These investigations reinforce the simple, cost-effective, and energy-efficient SIL QD-DWL as a candidate L-band millimeter-wave (MMW) source compared to the EIL counterpart in 5G and next-generation radio-over-fiber wavelength-division multiplexing networks.
Highlights
Fifth-generation (5G) wireless communication networks have already been deployed in several countries across the globe to satiate exponential growth of mobile traffic data (77 Exabytes/ month by 2022) [1]
We report on the generation and transmission of 30 GHz millimeter-wave (MMW) beat-tone signals employing external- (EIL) and self-injection-locked (SIL) InAs/InP quantum-dash based dual-wavelength laser (QD-DWL) sources emitting in mid L-band
A successful performance measure for coherent reception is determined at an average error vector magnitude (EVM) of 37% for quadrature phase-shift-keying (QPSK), translating to FEC bit error rate (BER) of 3.8 × 10−3
Summary
Fifth-generation (5G) wireless communication networks have already been deployed in several countries across the globe to satiate exponential growth of mobile traffic data (77 Exabytes/ month by 2022) [1]. Owing to the atmospheric attenuation that limits MMW wireless (WL) propagation for longer distances, pico-cells with 40-50 base stations/km2 [3] have been proposed, and typically getting integrated with the existing fiber network infrastructure, commonly referred to as radio-over-fiber (RoF). This hybrid MMW architecture is garnering recent attention and perceived as a potential network to deliver broadband services at 28–39 GHz, and even incorporating free-space-optics (FSO) with reduced atmospheric attenuation [4]. FSO channels are prone to weather conditions (i.e., signal attenuation and distortion due to humidity, fog, snow, dust, etc.) as illustrated in Fig. 1, which could severely degrade the system performance, and its effect in hybrid RoF-FSO-WL networks is of paramount importance to ascertain their practical deployability
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