Performance of implantable loop recorders. Role of R vector and detection algorithms

Abstract

IntroductionWe evaluated the performance of implantable loop recorders (ILRs) with different detection algorithms and looked for artifacts and therapeutic consequences and their dependence on patient factors. Methods and results586 RevealLinq™ ILRs (first generation (NT): n = 335; second generation with TruRhythm™ (TR): n = 251) were implanted during 2014–2021 (syncope n = 206; embolic stroke of unknown source (ESUS) n = 380). Automatically detected EGM episodes (n = 18,650) were classified as correct or incorrect for asystole (AS), atrial fibrillation (AF) or tachycardia (TA). Incorrect episodes were caused by loss of signal (LO), noise (NO), extrasystole (ES) and T-wave oversensing (TWO). Left directed R axes, lower R-amplitudes and older age were related to artifacts. Results were separated by indication. In ESUS patients TR reduced total median artifact episodes: 0.6 (0–7) vs 0 (0–5) (p < 0.03) and median artifact examination time: 0.3 (0–3.5) vs 0 (0–2.5) (p = 0.03) per patient-year. This benefit is caused by significant reductions in total AS and ES-AS artifacts. The total positive predictive value (PPV) improved only in syncope patients (45 vs 71%, p = 0.002). Accordingly in syncope patients with TR more therapeutic consequences could be established (log rank 0.003). DiscussionPatients R-axis and measured R-amplitudes during implantation predicted artifacts. This should be taken into account during ILR implantation. Total artifacts, AS artifacts and time spent for artifact analysis was reduced by the new TR detection algorithm in ESUS patients, whereas total artifacts remained unchanged in syncope patients despite reduction of AS artifacts. However TR had no effect on AF and TA episode detection and therefore has to be improved.