Abstract
The Internet video sharing services have been gaining importance and increasing their share in the multimedia market. In order to compete effectively and provide broadcast television with a comparable level of quality, the Internet video should fulfil stringent quality of service (QoS) constraints. However, as the Internet video is based on packet transmission, it is influenced by delays, transmission errors, data losses and bandwidth limitations which can have a devastating influence on the perceived quality of the multimedia content. There are many works which describe the impact of network impairments on the Internet video. Nevertheless, little is known about how network conditions influence the video streamed by the currently popular services such as YouTube, where video is transmitted over reliable TCP/HTTP protocols. Therefore using a network simulator, we conducted an experimental evaluation of the HTTP based video transmission analysing how the network impairments mentioned above influence the streamed video. The experiments were validated against a network emulator supplied with real network traces. As a result of this work, we can state that the buffering strategies implemented by a video player are in many cases able to mitigate unfavourable network conditions what allow to play the streamed video smoothly. The results may serve Internet Service Providers so that they could tune their network characteristics in order to match the demand from HTTP video.
Highlights
During the last two decades, the video transmission have been considered as a demanding application that would never work satisfactorily over best-effort packet switched networks
The delay experienced by video content consists of two components: delay introduced by a network, which is the time it takes a data packet to travel from a sender to a receiver; and TCP-level delay, which is a consequence of how the TCP reacts to fluctuations in effective network throughput
Further experiments concerned the statistics of buffer occupancy in the context of application quality of service (QoS) for which measures were defined in (3) and (4)
Summary
During the last two decades, the video transmission have been considered as a demanding application that would never work satisfactorily over best-effort packet switched networks. In the last few years, video-supported applications, and especially video streaming, have become quite popular. Access to the abundance of multimedia content at any time results in a drastic shift in Internet traffic statistics, which reports that the share of P2P traffic is declining primarily due to a rise in traffic from Web-based portals and video sharing services [11]. According to the YouTube Press Room, in the year 2012 the service alone had 800 million unique users each month, who viewed over 4 billion videos each month and uploaded 72 hours of video each minute. The fulfilment of the rising demand for video traffic will be delegated to both content providers and ISPs (Internet Service Providers) and it is believed to be a challenging task for them
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