Abstract
ABSTRACT Using organic filters produced in local communities with low financial cost can reduce the environmental impacts caused by the disposal of untreated wastewater into receiving water bodies. In this study, the objective was to evaluate the efficiency of the filtration of swine wastewater (SWW) using banana stalk as an alternative material in an organic filter. SWW was applied to the organic filter and the filtered volume was converted into pore volume. Analyses of total solids, turbidity, color, total phosphorus, and total nitrogen were performed in the filter feed solution and effluent to evaluate treatment efficiency. Regression analyses were used to obtain equations in the estimation of the filtration performance in removing these variables from wastewater, with pore volume as an independent variable. The banana stalk filter did not remove total solids and color from the feed solution applied. Removal of 10–50% of SWW turbidity were obtained by the banana stalk. Banana stalk was highly efficient in removing nitrogen and phosphorus from SWW, reaching mean removals of 67% and 62%, respectively. In general, a banana stalk filter can be considered a promising alternative in the primary treatment of SWW.
Highlights
Swine farming has great importance in the social and economic development of Brazil
The relative concentration of the variables expresses the relationship between output concentration and input concentration
Opposite results have been found by other authors with other filtering materials in the treatment of Swine wastewater (SWW), as in the cases of coconut fiber (LO MONACO et al, 2009), chopped sugarcane bagasse, and ground corn cob (LO MONACO; MATOS; BRANDÃO, 2011), all of which led to removals greater than 40% of total solids
Summary
Swine farming has great importance in the social and economic development of Brazil. It generates jobs and income for producers, making small rural properties viable. This activity may lead to serious environmental problems if the wastes generated are not properly managed (LIMA et al, 2019). Due to the excess of nitrogen and phosphorus, swine manure can cause problems of eutrophication of surface waters, causing loss of biodiversity, water contamination, and waterborne diseases (SEGANFREDO, 2007; AMORIM et al, 2015). Matos, Freitas and Lo Monaco (2010) emphasize that, in addition to surface and groundwater pollution, inappropriate application of these wastes to soil can lead to salinization, pollution, and structure damage Due to the excess of nitrogen and phosphorus, swine manure can cause problems of eutrophication of surface waters, causing loss of biodiversity, water contamination, and waterborne diseases (SEGANFREDO, 2007; AMORIM et al, 2015). Matos, Freitas and Lo Monaco (2010) emphasize that, in addition to surface and groundwater pollution, inappropriate application of these wastes to soil can lead to salinization, pollution, and structure damage
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