Abstract
Electrochemical technologies have been broadly applied in wastewaters treatment, but few studies have focused on comparing the performance of the different electrochemical processes, especially when used to treat highly-polluted streams. The electrochemical treatment of a reverse osmosis concentrate of sanitary landfill leachate was performed by means of electrocoagulation (EC), anodic oxidation (AO) and electro-Fenton (EF) processes, and the use of different electrode materials and experimental conditions was assessed. All the studied processes and experimental conditions were effective in organic load removal. The results obtained showed that EC, with stainless steel electrodes, is the cheapest process, although it presents the disadvantage of sludge formation with high iron content. At high applied current intensity, AO presents the best treatment time/energy consumption ratio, especially if the samples’ initial pH is corrected to 3. However, pH correction from natural to 3 deeply decreases nitrogen-containing compounds’ removal. For longer treatment time, the EF process with a carbon-felt cathode and a BDD anode, performed at natural iron content and low applied current intensity, is the most favorable solution.
Highlights
Sanitary landfill leachates are among the effluents that may pose major environmental concerns worldwide and, in particular, the leachate concentrates that result from the leachates treatment by membrane processes [10,11]
The most studied electrochemical technologies for sanitary landfill leachate treatment are electrocoagulation (EC), anodic oxidation (AO) and electro-Fenton (EF), with their efficacy being dependent on the effluent properties and experimental conditions applied during the electrochemical treatment [20]
Four different initial samples were used: natural reverse osmosis concentrate (ROC) sample, ROC sample acidified at pH 3, ROC sample acidified at pH 7 and ROC sample acidified at pH 3 with iron addition by anodic dissolution of iron electrodes
Summary
Sanitary landfill leachates are among the effluents that may pose major environmental concerns worldwide and, in particular, the leachate concentrates that result from the leachates treatment by membrane processes [10,11]. These effluents, characterized by a complex composition that includes different heavy metals, organic and inorganic compounds, some of them refractory and toxic, are very difficult to depurate, and several studies have focused on their treatment by electrochemical processes [10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19].
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