Performance of Dwarf and Normal Laying Hens as Influenced by Protein Level and Cage Density

Abstract

The performance of dwarf and normal White Leghorn laying hens with similar genotypes other than for the dwarf gene (dw) was observed over thirteen 28-day periods in a factorial arrangement involving four protein levels (20.0, 18.1, 16.4 or 14.3% protein plus supplemental methionine) and two densities (two or three birds per standard 10 × 16 in cage). The normal birds had significantly higher overall hen-day egg production, egg weight, and body weight, but the dwarf birds excelled for feed efficiency and adult viability. Significant genotype × ration interactions were observed for egg lay, egg weight, body weight, and feed efficiency, primarily due to the relatively poor performance of the dwarf birds on the 14% protein. A significant genotype × density interaction resulted for feed efficiency, due to a higher efficiency in 3-bird than in 2-bird cages for dwarf birds, while the reverse was true for normal birds. These results suggest that the potential of the dwarf gene for increasing the efficiency of commercial egg layers can be enhanced by further study as to optimal nutrition and management regimens.