Abstract
Local disturbances of the microbiota are common in dogs with underlying skin conditions. Antiseptic topical products are indicated to control such superficial disorders. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of a daily application of pads containing Ophytrium and chlorhexidine digluconate 3% (DOUXO® S3 PYO Pads, Ceva Santé Animale, France) in dogs with focal bacterial and/or Malassezia overgrowth. Eighteen dogs with focal skin dysbiosis were included in the analysis of this prospective, multicentric, field study. Dogs received daily pad applications for 14 days. Bacterial and/or Malassezia counts per microscopic field and a global score of the most affected patch (0–17 scale based on extension, severity, bacterial, and Malassezia cytological scores) were assessed by a veterinarian and pruritus by the owner (Pruritus Visual Analog Scale) on days (D)0, D7, D14. Owner and veterinarian evaluations for performance and satisfaction were recorded. Eleven dogs had primarily cocci overgrowth and seven mostly Malassezia. Mean bacterial and Malassezia counts decreased after 14 days (6.9–1.1; 7.6–1.5, respectively); 88.9% of dogs achieved a ≥70% microbial decrease and had ≤2 bacteria and ≤1 Malassezia per oil field. Mean global score of the most affected patch and pruritus score significantly improved at D14, respectively, from 8.6 to 2.6 and 4.5 to 1.2 (P < 0.05 each, mean improvements of 70.4 and 71.4%, respectively). Global veterinary assessment of the protocol was satisfactory, good, or excellent in 88.9% of cases. Most owners (94.4%) considered the protocol efficacious. Using a pad containing Ophytrium and chlorhexidine digluconate 3% daily for 14 days improved the skin condition and pruritus of dogs with local dysbiosis, resulting in high satisfaction levels for both veterinarians and dog owners.
Highlights
Many alterations in the skin surface microbiota or host defense linked to skin disorders can promote bacterial or yeast overgrowth
Two dogs were excluded from the final analysis: one dog was involved in a road traffic accident and required intravenous administration of amoxicillin-clavulanic acid for 2 days, and another one presented an adverse event involving the pet owner. 66.7% of included dogs were female (12/18), with a mean body weight of 19.6 kg
The two dogs were withdrawn from the study. The results of this prospective study provide evidence of the effectiveness of pads containing chlorhexidine digluconate 3% combined with Ophytrium to manage skin dysbiosis caused by either cocci and/or Malassezia
Summary
Many alterations in the skin surface microbiota or host defense linked to skin disorders can promote bacterial or yeast overgrowth. Staphylococcus pseudintermedius is the most common bacterium responsible for secondary skin conditions in dogs and cats [1], but they can occasionally involve other Staphylococcus species, notably Staphylococcus aureus from human origin [2] Other cocci such as streptococci or rods, for example Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Escherichia coli less commonly cause skin infections [3]. It was shown in vitro to have an action on the mechanical, microbiological, and immunological skin barriers It increased tight junctions, filaggrin, Natural Moisturizing Factors contents, ceramides, and limited Trans Epidermal Water Loss to strengthen the mechanical skin barrier [15]. Filaggrin, Natural Moisturizing Factors contents, ceramides, and limited Trans Epidermal Water Loss to strengthen the mechanical skin barrier [15] It limited the adhesion and biofilm formation of S. aureus and S. pseudintermedius [16] to restore the balance of the protective microbial flora. It decreased secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines [TSLP, IL-8 [13], and IL-13] to reduce skin irritation
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