Abstract
Granite stone is highly demanded by construction sector. In the processing stage, great amounts of waste powder are produced that can be used as cement replacement in concrete production. Reduced workability is the first problem of this replacement and it can be mitigated by using superplasticizers (SP). This study was carried out to limit the disadvantages related to waste granite powder (WGP) use through the use of SP. For this purpose, 19 concrete mixes containing various types of SP with different contents and WGP as cement replacement were appraised. Fresh concrete density, splitting tensile strength, electrical resistivity, compressive strength and resistance to sulphate attack tests were conducted. The mixes were assessed based on their environmental impact, economic, and mechanical performance. The results have shown that SP can eliminate most disadvantages caused by using stone waste, particularly negative effects on the mechanical properties. They can even improve some properties of concrete, including electrical resistivity by up to around 90%. Furthermore, the concrete mixes PT5, PF5, and PF10, which were made with both SP and stone waste, obtained the best results, with over 30% improvement in the multi-criteria evaluation index values compared to the mix W0 (reference mix). The proper use of WGP as replacement for cement would have environmental benefits and help the economy of the granite stone industry.
Highlights
With its flexibility and low cost of materials, production and maintenance, concrete has become the most selected material in the construction industry
The world population growth and technological evolution are resulting in greater production of concrete, to construct residential houses and commercial buildings, a reduction of natural resources such as aggregates and water, and an increase of greenhouse gas emissions as a result of cement production; concerns about the world environment will increase in the future
Replacement: The workability of concrete is affected by waste granite powder (WGP) incorporation and greater ratios lead to increasingly greater changes
Summary
With its flexibility and low cost of materials, production and maintenance, concrete has become the most selected material in the construction industry. Researchers have produced concrete with granite waste as cement replacement with a focus on pozzolanic activity, durability and higher substitution ratios. Medina et al [11], in 2017, evaluated the performance of a new blended cement incorporating 10% or 20% granite sludge as clinker replacement, analyzing the chemical, rheological, mechanical and microstructural properties of the end product. They found that granite sludge as partial cement replacement can shorten the initial time setting depending on the substitution ratio, with higher ratios resulting in less effect on the setting time. The lack of research on the capability of superplasticizers in improving the general performance of concrete produced with by-products as cement partial replacements highlights the need for further studies. The paper comprises two main parts: experimental works and multidimensional performance evaluation
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