Performance of coconut shell ash and palm kernel shell ash as partial replacement for cement in concrete

Olugbenga Joseph Oyedepo,Lekan Makanju Olanitori,Sumbo Philip Akande

doi:10.34118/jbms.v2i1.16

Olugbenga Joseph Oyedepo, Lekan Makanju Olanitori + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.34118/jbms.v2i1.16

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Abstract

High cost of cement used as binder in the production of concrete has led to a search for alternative. Using a mix design ratio of 1:2:4 and water binder ratio of 0.63, concrete cubes were casted using varying ordinary Portland cement (OPC): palm kernel shell ash (PKSA) and ordinary Portland cement (OPC): coconut shell ash (CSA) ratios of 100:0, 90:10, 80:20, 70:30 , 60:40 and 50:50 respectively. This research reveal that partial replacement of cement with 20% PKSA and CSA in concrete gives an average optimum compressive strength of 15.4 N/mm2 and 17.26 N/mm2 respectively at 28 days. While, the optimum value of compressive strength obtained at 28 days is 20.58 N/mm2 at 10% replacement with CSA. The value obtained is suitable for both light weight and heavy weight concrete respectively. Thus, the research show that the use of PKSA and CSA as a partial replacement for cement in concrete, at lower volume of replacement, will enhance the reduction of cement usage in concretes, thereby reducing the production cost and the environmental pollution caused by the dumping of the agricultural waste.

Highlights

Concrete is the widely used number one structural material in the world today, high cost of cement, used as binder, in the production of mortar, sandcrete blocks, lancrete bricks and concrete has led to a search for alternative
The optimum value of compressive strength obtained at 28 days is 20.58 N/mm2 at 10% replacement of cement with coconut shell ash (CSA) which can be used for heavy weight concrete while 17.26 N/mm2 obtained at 20% replacement is useful for light weight aggregate (Figure 5)
Concrete is used for many structures basically for its compressive strength to support any type of load

Summary

Introduction

Concrete is the widely used number one structural material in the world today, high cost of cement, used as binder, in the production of mortar, sandcrete blocks, lancrete bricks and concrete has led to a search for alternative. The growing concern of resource depletion and global pollution has challenged many researchers and engineers to seek and develop new materials relying on renewable resources. These include the use of by-products and waste materials in building construction. On the other hand, building construction works and civil engineering practice in Nigeria depend, to a very large extent, on concrete as major construction material. The basic materials for concrete are: cement, fine aggregate (sand), coarse aggregate (granite chippings or gravel) and water, the overall cost of concrete production depends largely on the availability of these constituents. The primary aim is to determining the suitability of partial replacement of cement with coconut shell ash (CSA) and palm kernel shell ash (PKSA) in concrete

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