Abstract
AbstractDue to anesthesia-related consequences during general surgery, the anesthesia infusion closed-loop systems aim to regulate the hypnosis during the anesthesia process. First, the bispectral index (BIS) obtained from electroencephalogram (EEG) indicates the state of hypnosis; then, the BIS is considered the output signal system; thus, the controller must calculate the appropriate delivery anesthesia doses in order to keep the hypnosis state in the setpoint range. Through compartmental modelling, the pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) of the drug in the human body are described; a linear time-invariant system describes these dynamics with a static nonlinearity. The present contribution describes the mathematical modelling process and presents an evaluation of a PID controller tuned by different methods. These results are evaluated by simulation for different nominal values of patients.
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