Abstract
The effect of decalcification on the chemo-mechanical behavior of carbon nanofiber (CNF)-cement composites was studied. Portland cement pastes with and without 0.2% CNFs were subjected to accelerated decalcification by exposure to ammonium nitrate solutions. The influence of microstructural alterations during decalcification on the physical and mechanical properties of the composites was examined. The presence of CNF agglomerates influenced the chemo-mechanical behavior of the composite during decalcification. Precipitation of secondary hydrates within the agglomerates during decalcification resulted in a decrease in local porosity, which strengthened the composite and slowed the loss of flexural strength.
Highlights
Given the growing interests and economic incentives for extending the safe storage period of nuclear wastes beyond 100 years, it is critical to ensure that the structural integrity of the storage systems can be maintained for long periods of time
Embedded fibers were found throughout the Portland cement (PC)-carbon nanofiber (CNF) composite, but the primary dispersion state of the CNFs was in agglomerate form
The CNF dispersion state was primarily in agglomerate form, individual fibers were found throughout the PC-CNF composite
Summary
Given the growing interests and economic incentives for extending the safe storage period of nuclear wastes beyond 100 years, it is critical to ensure that the structural integrity of the storage systems can be maintained for long periods of time. While most studies to date have been conducted to examine the direct structural, mechanical, and electrical properties provided by the CNFs [5,6,7], the long-term chemical and structural stability of these materials in response to severe conditions such as decalcifying environments and the potential impact of the CNF dispersion on the chemo-mechanical behavior of CNF-cement composites has received little attention. Mechanical testing was performed and reviewed as a function of exposure duration and in relation to the CNF dispersion state.
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