Performance of a single cylinder direct injection 4-stroke diesel engine under effect of using diesel and naphtha blends

Abstract

The demand for diesel fuel in the transport industry is expected to rise due to greenhouse gas laws and global economic expansion, necessitating the search for alternative sources. If light distillate fuels can match diesel fuel's efficiency and cleanliness at a more affordable cost, they could potentially enter the market. This study assessed a 1-cylinder, 4-stroke diesel engine's performance using various blends of diesel and heavy naphtha: D100, D97.5N2.5, D95N5, D92.5N7.5, and D90N10. Tests were conducted at 3000 rpm and variable loads, revealing that the maximum permissible naphtha content in D100 is 10%. Higher naphtha proportions led to misfire and instability under heavy loads. 100% diesel demonstrated the lowest brake-specific fuel consumption and higher thermal efficiency, while 90% diesel + 10% naphtha showed the highest fuel consumption and lower thermal efficiency.