Abstract
This paper presents a real-time optimal control approach for the energy management problem of hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) with slope information during car following. The new features of this study are as follows. First, the proposed method can optimize the engine operating points and the driving profile simultaneously. Second, the proposed method gives the freedom of vehicle spacing between the preceding vehicle and the host vehicle. Third, using the HEV/PHEV property, the desired battery state of charge is designed according to the road slopes for better recuperation of free braking energy. Fourth, all of the vehicle operating modes engine charge, electric vehicle, motor assist and electric continuously variable transmission, and regenerative braking, can be realized using the proposed real-time optimal control approach. Computer simulation results are shown among the nonlinear real-time optimal control approach and the ADVISOR rule-based approach. The conclusion is that the nonlinear real-time optimal control approach is effective for the energy management problem of the HEV/PHEV system during car following.
Highlights
In recent years, hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) and plugin hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) have become a research hotspot due to the rising price of fossil fuels and environmental problems
This paper presents a real-time optimal control approach for the energy management problem of hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) with slope information during car following
HEVs and PHEVs use a battery to add an extra degree of freedom to the power sources
Summary
Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) and plugin hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) have become a research hotspot due to the rising price of fossil fuels and environmental problems. HEVs and PHEVs (referred as XEVs) use a battery to add an extra degree of freedom to the power sources. It can downsize the internal combustion engine, optimize the engine operating point, use the battery electricity, and regenerate dissipation kinematic energy during deceleration, which help to improve fuel economy and reduce emissions [1, 2]. A lot of works have been published on the energy management problem of HEV systems. These approaches are typical in a family of optimal control techniques. A kind of analytical optimal control techniques is Pontryagin’s minimum principle [5]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
