Performance of a large size photovoltaic module for façade integration

Abstract

Building integration of solar photovoltaic components is a relevant approach for contributing to energy decarbonisation of building applications and so, to reach European climate goals. Thus, in this paper, a large size solar component is studied experimentally and numerically to validate its suitability as building construction element, from the thermal, energy and mechanical points of view. Moreover, a simple linear model of its monthly electrical performance and temperature is developed. After its integration in landscape position using a metal structure on the southern insulated concrete wall of a real building, the solar system was instrumented and monitored during more than one year. Its thermal behaviour and electrical production, and the visible mechanical deformation of the mounting structure were assessed. Monthly photovoltaic performance ratios between 0.5 and 0.7, and efficiencies between 5.9% and 8.3%, were obtained during tests. The module maximum temperature was between 46.5 °C in November 2018 and 63.0 °C in September 2019. No visual degradation was noted. Then, numerical studies of the system in three sites, using the linear model, highlighted most relevant installation configurations, like a south -orientation at Nice. As further study, the system performance reliability will be evaluated after at least three years of operation.