Abstract
The fifth-generation (5G) of cellular technology is currently being deployed over the world. In the next decade of mobile networks, beyond 5G (B5G) cellular networks with the under-development advanced technology enablers are expected to be a fully developed system that could offer tremendous opportunities for both enterprises and society at large. B5G in more ambitious scenarios will be capable to facilitate much-improved performance with the significant upgrade of the key parameters such as massive connectivity, ultra-reliable and low latency (URLL), spectral efficiency (SE) and energy efficiency (EE). Equipping non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) with other key drivers will help to explore systems’ applicability to cover a wide variety of applications to forge a path for future networks. NOMA empowers the networks with seamless connectivity and can provide a secure transmission strategy for the industrial internet of things (IIoT) anywhere and anytime. Despite being a promising candidate for B5G networks a comprehensive study that covers operating principles, fundamental features and technological feasibility of NOMA at mmWave massive MIMO communications is not available. To address this, a simulation-based comparative study between NOMA and orthogonal multiple access (OMA) techniques for mmWave massive multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) communications is presented with performance discussions and identifying technology gaps. Throughout the paper, aspects of operating principles, fundamental features and technological feasibility of NOMA are discussed. Also, it is demonstrated that NOMA not only has good adaptability but also can outperform other OMA techniques for mmWave massive MIMO communications. Some foreseeable challenges and future directions on applying NOMA to B5G networks are also provided
Highlights
As of today fourth generation (4G)-cellular networks have already been launched worldwide
In future we may offer an in-home Internet of Things (IoT) remote health monitoring system by linking medical devices with URLLC, this can only be successful in 5G and beyond (5GB) networks with the inclusion of nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA), massive multi-input multi-output and millimetre wave as
In this article we present an up-to-date overview of the multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO)-non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) scheme for the envisioned beyond 5G (B5G) wireless communication to spark an interest in the results and reports of recent studies, including touch on the partial development of NOMA in 3GPP
Summary
As of today fourth generation (4G)-cellular networks have already been launched worldwide. Based on a recent release, non-3GPP AN can complement 3GPP access networks in a single 5GCN by assigning different internet protocol (IP)-based services, which helps to reduce data congestion, much-improved coverage and connectivity in high traffic volume scenarios, less operational costs and open-up new business opportunities. We try to provide a comprehensive idea of the interplay between MIMONOMA and other OMA schemes by adopting SE, EE and outage probability (OP) as performance metrics This leads us to produce the simulation results on two research thrust areas such as international telecommunication union (ITU) channel models and peak-to-average-power ratio (PAPR) for the NOMA scheme in this article for the first time. NOMA involves applying superposition coding (SC) at the transmitter and successive interference cancellation (SIC) at
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