Abstract
Over the years, smartphones have become tools for scientific and clinical research. They can, for instance, be used to assess range of motion and joint angle measurement. In this paper, our aim was to determine if smartphones are reliable and accurate enough for clinical motion research. This work proposes an evaluation of different smartphone sensors performance and different manufacturer algorithm performances with the comparison to the gold standard, an industrial robotic arm with an actual standard use inertial motion unit in clinical measurement, an Xsens product. Both dynamic and static protocols were used to perform these comparisons. Root Mean Square (RMS) mean values results for static protocol are under 0.3° for the different smartphones. RMS mean values results for dynamic protocol are more prone to bias induced by Euler angle representation. Statistical results prove that there are no filter effect on results for both protocols and no hardware effect. Smartphones performance can be compared to the Xsens gold standard for clinical research.
Highlights
Smartphones have become an unavoidable tool in developed countries and even an important part of life
The goal of this paper is to propose an evaluation of different smartphone sensors performance and different manufacturer’s algorithm performance with the comparison to a gold standard, an industrial robotic arm and with a standardly used inertial motion unit (IMU) in clinical measurement, an Xsens product
We propose an evaluation of different smartphone sensors and different manufacturer algorithm performances with the comparison to a gold standard, an industrial robotic arm and with a standardly used IMU in clinical measurement, the Xsens product
Summary
Smartphones have become an unavoidable tool in developed countries and even an important part of life. There were more than a billion smartphones sold worldwide in 2014, a 23% increase in shipments between full year 2013 and 2014 [1]. The sharp decline in the price of mobile equipment allows growth in emerging markets. They are becoming more and more affordable, mobile phones remain powerful tools composed of a processor, a graphics chip, advanced connectivity and an inertial motion unit (IMU), with a 3D-accelerometer, magnetometer and gyroscope as standard features. Smartphones contain more technology such as a screen display, an audio system or a haptic feedback system that enables interaction with the user of the device. To combine and use all these functionalities, smartphones are able to run specific software, called “applications”
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