Abstract
Low power wide area network (LPWAN) is one of the enabling technologies for Internet of Things (IoT). 3GPP has introduced a new standard called Narrow Band Internet of Things (NB-IoT) for LPWAN. This paper develops an analytical model to estimate the throughput of User Equipments (UEs) in NB-IoT system. We carry out Markov chain analysis of our model under steady state conditions by considering different Coverage Enhancement (CE) levels, number of preamble transmission attempts, and size of the back-off window as state variables. The Markov chain model is used to derive the transmission and the success probabilities of random access procedure for UEs in different CE levels. Further, we derive the throughput of the packets transmitted by the UEs in different CE levels. The analytical model is validated against simulation for a different set of combinations of parameters. We show that the throughput of NB-IoT critically depends on the allocation of the number of sub-carriers to different CE levels.
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