Abstract
Block M of the Ordos Basin is a typical low-permeability tight sandstone gas accumulation. To develop these reservoirs, various horizontal well fracturing technologies, such as hydra-jet fracturing, open-hole packer multistage fracturing, and perf-and-plug multistage fracturing, have been implemented in practice, showing greatly varying performance. In this paper, six fracturing technologies adopted in Block M are reviewed in terms of principle, applicability, advantages, and disadvantages, and their field application effects are compared from the technical and economic perspectives. Furthermore, the main factors affecting the productivity of fractured horizontal wells are determined using the entropy method, the causes for the difference in application effects of the fracturing technologies are analyzed, and a comprehensive productivity impact index (CPII) in good correlation with the single-well production of fractured horizontal wells is constructed. This article provides a simple and applicable method for predicting the performance of multi-frac horizontal wells that takes multiple factors into account. The results can be used to select completion methods and optimize fracturing parameters in similar reservoirs.
Highlights
Low-permeability tight sandstone gas reservoirs have high potential due to their wide distribution and large reserves
Thomson et al [23] analyzed four different horizontal completion systems for the Montney tight gas formation in NE British Columbia, namely, packer isolation and frac sleeves, plug and perf (P-n-P), hydrajet perforating on coiled tubing (CT) with sand plug isolation, and CT deployed bridge plugs and tubing conveyed perforating; they inferred that fracture stimulation is a powerful approach to raise the productivity of horizontal wells in this area
All horizontal well multistage fracturing technologies can achieve the purpose of gas reservoir stimulation, production enhancement, and improved economics, but each technology has its own advantages, disadvantages, and applicability
Summary
Low-permeability tight sandstone gas reservoirs have high potential due to their wide distribution and large reserves. Chodzicki’s [38] results from over 120 wells in the Spearfish low-perm sandstone/siltstone formation, Southwest Manitoba, showed great production results from the application of horizontal well and multistage fracturing techniques, but individual fractured horizontal wells yield variable results, making it difficult to correlate any strong trends that related initial production rates and estimated ultimate reserves to fracture size, number of stages, or total proppant These studies remarkably promoted the innovation of completion methods and processes, as well as enabled the horizontal well fracturing to be more efficient, intelligent, and infinite. The results can be used to select completion methods and optimize fracturing parameters in similar reservoirs
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