Abstract
The autonomous navigation of the spacecrafts in High Elliptic Orbit (HEO), Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO) and Geostationary Transfer Orbit (GTO) based on Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) are considered feasible in many studies. With the completion of BeiDou Navigation Satellite System with Global Coverage (BDS-3) in 2020, there are at least 130 satellites providing Position, Navigation, and Timing (PNT) services. In this paper, considering the latest CZ-5(Y3) launch scenario of Shijian-20 GEO spacecraft via Super-Synchronous Transfer Orbit (SSTO) in December 2019, the navigation performance based on the latest BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS), Global Positioning System (GPS), Galileo Navigation Satellite System (Galileo) and GLObal NAvigation Satellite System (GLONASS) satellites in 2020 is evaluated, including the number of visible satellites, carrier to noise ratio, Doppler, and Position Dilution of Precision (PDOP). The simulation results show that the GEO/Inclined Geo-Synchronous Orbit (IGSO) navigation satellites of BDS-3 can effectively increase the number of visible satellites and improve the PDOP in the whole launch process of a typical GEO spacecraft, including SSTO and GEO, especially for the GEO spacecraft on the opposite side of Asia-Pacific region. The navigation performance of high orbit spacecrafts based on multi-GNSSs can be significantly improved by the employment of BDS-3. This provides a feasible solution for autonomous navigation of various high orbit spacecrafts, such as SSTO, MEO, GEO, and even Lunar Transfer Orbit (LTO) for the lunar exploration mission.
Highlights
Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) including Global Positioning System (GPS), BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS), Galileo navigation satellite system (Galileo), GLObal NAvigation Satellite System (GLONASS) was originally designed to provide Position, Navigation, and Timing (PNT) services for land, sea, and air targets
Palmerini (2014) pointed out that under the combination of dual navigation systems, the signals obtained are usually extremely weak and have a short duration for the receiver at very high altitude so that the receiver needs to work in snapshot mode and the operation is highly dependent on its software algorithm and hardware resources
Due to a limited number of visible satellites with double GNSSs, most researches focused on the method of orbit filtering or satellite selection algorithm to analyze the autonomous navigation of Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO) or High Elliptic Orbit (HEO) spacecraft for improving its accuracy (Lorga et al 2010; Zou et al 2019)
Summary
Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) including Global Positioning System (GPS), BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS), Galileo navigation satellite system (Galileo), GLObal NAvigation Satellite System (GLONASS) was originally designed to provide Position, Navigation, and Timing (PNT) services for land, sea, and air targets. Liu et al (2016) analyzed the data from the GNSS receiver (only tracking GPS and GLONASS signal) on the Chang’E-5T spacecraft and verified the validity of GNSS based on the orbit determination during the lunar exploration These results showed that a combined navigation constellation can effectively increase the number of available satellites and improve the positioning accuracy. To evaluate the feasibility of autonomous navigation using the signals from the opposite of the earth in the GEO launch process (Shijian-20), this paper will evaluate the autonomous navigation performance in the launch process including SSTO and GEO It demonstrates how the GEO/IGSO navigation satellites of BDS improve the navigation performance when considering the latest BDS, GPS, Galileo and GLONASS satellites in 2020.
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