Performance evaluation of lightweight insulating plaster for enhancing the fire endurance of high strength structural concrete

Abstract

Structural concrete is a widely used building material due to its versatile characteristics including higher compressive strength and longevity. However, when exposed to fire, concrete experiences faster degradation in its mechanical properties and is also susceptible to spalling. To overcome this problem, the possibility of lightweight plaster application on High Strength Concrete (HSC) is explored in the presented investigation. Insulation plasters, namely Sand Plaster (SP), Gypsum Perlite Plaster (GPP), and Gypsum Mineral Wool Plaster (GMP) were developed. This investigation evaluates the compressive strength, bond strength, and shear strength of concrete which is exposed to the standard fire temperature. Varying cooling conditions which involved air and water were adopted to cool the concrete specimens after the elevated temperature test. Further, the damaged concrete and the plaster were examined to analyse the physical changes. Analysis of the study reveals that more number of denser surface cracks and higher mass loss was observed for reference and SP specimens. Temperature penetration at the core of cube, bond, and shear specimens is less for the GPP and GMP specimens when compared with the SP specimens. At higher temperatures (986 °C), the reference and SP specimens show a lower bond and shear strength with higher slip values. Specimens insulated with GPP and GMP exhibited a low-temperature penetration at the core portion. Also, the results of the study reported the higher residual compressive, bond, and shear strength compared to other specimens.