Performance Evaluation of Design AD System Biogas Purification Filter

Ejiroghene Kelly Orhorhoro,Eruero Victor Atumah,Oghenero Wilson Orhorhoro

doi:10.33889/ijmems.2018.3.1-003

Ejiroghene Kelly Orhorhoro, Eruero Victor Atumah + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.33889/ijmems.2018.3.1-003

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Abstract

Biogas purification which is the removal of impurities so as to improve the efficiency of gas produced, ensure the safety of end users and prolong the life of the equipment cannot be neglected. This paper is focused on the design and performance evaluation of AD system biogas purification filter. Three different conceptual designs were generated from possible design consideration, feasibility study and preliminary test and with the help of decision matrix; the best conceptual design was selected from which the purification filter was fabricated. The selected concept for detail design was a transparent polyethene cylindrical purification filter fitted with local iron sponge containing activated charcoal and local potash. The reagents were arranged in this order; local potash for the removal of water vapour and carbon dioxide followed by activated charcoal which serves as a purifying agent for hydrogen sulphide. The results obtained showed reduction in percentage composition of hydrogen sulphide (H2S), carbon dioxide, and water vapour. On the other hand, there was an increase in percentage composition of methane (CH4) which is an indication of improvement in methane production after purification. The outcomes of the results obtained were satisfactory and the combination of local potash and activated charcoal was adequate for biogas purification.

Highlights

The Anaerobic Digestion (AD) system is a greenhouse technology which has to deal with the generation of methane rich biogas through the biological degradation of regionally available biomass such as food waste, agricultural waste, wastewater, etc. (Bamgboye, 2012; Ray et al, 2013; Orhorhoro et al, 2016)
The results show that the percentage composition of hydrogen sulphide (H2S) decreases from 0.57% to 0.01-0.02%, carbon dioxide from 31.00% to 18.61-18.95%, water vapour from 0.93% to 0.01-0.03% and for methane (CH4), it increases from 67.50% to 81.00-81.35%
This study sets on the design of local AD system biogas purification filter suitable for use in Nigeria shows that biogas purification filter can be design and fabricate locally in Nigeria

Summary

Introduction

The Anaerobic Digestion (AD) system is a greenhouse technology which has to deal with the generation of methane rich biogas through the biological degradation of regionally available biomass such as food waste, agricultural waste, wastewater, etc. (Bamgboye, 2012; Ray et al, 2013; Orhorhoro et al, 2016). The technology is widely adopted by Germany, Sweden, USA, Denmark etc., which have implemented rigorous waste disposal legislation (Igoni et al, 2008; Bhattacharya et al, 2005). AD system technology is still at the elementary stage in Nigeria as major breakthrough has not been achieved in terms of production, purification, commercialization and availability in comparison to other countries with advance technology of AD system. One aspect of AD system that requires special attention in Nigeria is the technology for the removal of impurities associated with the production of biogas. Little is known about the effort to develop a local technology for the purification and removal of dangerous

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Conclusion