Performance Evaluation and Estimation of Stability Parameters of Maize Genotypes Zea mays L. in Different Environments

Abstract

An experiment was conducted to study five hybrids, four of them introduced (Zwin, Zp, Syngenta, and Kws) and the local hybrid Baghdad in the spring lug and with three planting dates (5/3, 15/3, and 25/3) and in the two seasons 2019-2020 and 2020-2021 in the design of randomized complete sectors to study the performance of the Genotype stability in three planting dates and two seasons. Thus, we have six environments, Where the highest genetic variation coefficient in the first and second environments was in the number of grains per ear, which amounted to 11.84 and 12.37, respectively. In the third environment, the weight of the ear reached 25.08, and in the fourth, fifth and sixth environment, the number of grains per ear reached 15.14, 24.93 and 13.39, respectively. The results were different genotypes and genetic parameters in their performance in different environments. The two genotypes (Zwin and Kws) showed significance in the highest number of traits, in contrast to the rest. The superiority of the Syngenta genotype was shown in leaf area, leaf area index, plant height, ear diameter, number of rows per ear, the weight of 300 grains, grain yield, and protein percentage, which were 4027, 3.29, 162.8, 51.03, 17.16, 60.09, 3.99, and 11.22 on the respectively, then the Zp genotype in tasselling and silking, ear length and number of grains per ear, as their average values were 54.12, 59.09, 17.92 and 466.8, respectively. Keywords: Maize; Stability; Environmental; Genetic Parameter; Stability Triangle