Abstract
This paper focuses on the comparative study of vertical and horizontal vacuum membrane distillation (VMD) modules coupled with mechanical vapor recompression (MVR) system to obtain the optimal system layout structure and further improve operation stability and energy efficiency in the wastewater treatment. Firstly, freshwater accumulation characteristic in the vertical VMD module was explored under different working conditions. Then, comparative experiments of vertical and horizontal VMD-MVR systems were conducted. Finally, comprehensive performance of horizontal VMD-MVR system were evaluated. The obtained results showed that freshwater production in the distilling tank and freshwater accumulation in the VMD module were affected by operation time, feed temperature, feed flow rate, feed concentration and vacuum side pressure. Furthermore, the horizontal VMD-MVR system was proved to be a better choice due to lower freshwater accumulation in the VMD module and energy consumption in comparison to the vertical VMD-MVR system. Finally, long term operation experiment of 240 h indicated evaporation rate dropped to 55 kg/h as operation time reached to 180 h owing to membrane fouling. After membrane cleaning, evaporation rate recovered from 55 to 62 kg/h with a higher recovery efficiency of 95.1 %. Compared to conventional wastewater treatment systems, the horizontal VMD-MVR system exhibited excellent comprehensive performance.
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