Performance comparison of routing protocols in VANETs under black hole attack in Panama City

Abstract

VANETs (Vehicular ad hoc networks) are wireless and infrastructureless networks created spontaneously, and where the nodes are vehicles that move freely. In them, many conditions may affect the right operation of the packet delivery process. Many of them may be in some way expected, such as the scenario where the VANET is running or the routing protocol used. Others may not be as easily predictable, such as black hole attacks, where malicious nodes inside the network discard packets. Several research analysis have been done regarding VANETs and black hole attacks for different delivery protocols, but all of them are based on non realistic scenarios. In this paper, we analyze the performance impact of black hole attacks on VANETs in a real scenario. This is done by combining a Panama City realistic urban traffic scenario with four major routing protocols (AODV, OLSR, DSR, and DSDV) working regularly and under black hole attack, and relying on the ns-3 and SUMO (Simulation of Urban MObility) simulation tools. Finally, the simulations show that using realistic scenarios produce more accureate and closer to reality results.