Performance comparison of recent optimization algorithm Jaya with particle swarm optimization for digital image watermarking in complex wavelet domain

Abstract

Nowadays copyright protection is mandatory in the field of image processing to removes the illegitimate utilization and imitation of digital images. The digital image watermarking is one of the most reliable methods for protecting the illegal validation of data. In this paper, singular value decomposition based digital image watermarking scheme is proposed in complex wavelet transform (CWT) domain using intelligence algorithms like particle swarm optimization (PSO) and recently proposed Jaya algorithm. The watermark image is embedded into high frequency CWT subband of cover image. At the time of watermark embedding and extraction, optimization algorithms Jaya and PSO are applied to improve the robustness and imperceptibility by assessing the fitness function. The perceptual quality of watermarked image and robustness of extracted watermark image are verified under the filtering, rotation, scaling, Gaussian noise and JPEG compression attacks. From the comparative analysis it is proved that Jaya algorithm is better as compared to PSO algorithm under most types of attacks with higher magnitudes whereas identical under the lower magnitude of applied attacks. Moreover, using variety of cover images, it is found that, the elapse time and value of fitness function given by Jaya algorithm are also better as compared to PSO.