Abstract
Tuning the gain of Proportional-Integral Derivative (PID) controller in a process control system is exceptionally paramount since correct tuning would help a control process response without steady state error and overshoot. As the conventional gain tuning of PID controller, the Ziegler-Nichols (ZN) approach generally delivers an enormous overshoot; therefore, current heuristics approach, namely Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is utilized.A tuning problem of a single tank water level dynamic control system is presented.The best PID controller parameters are determined by using the ZN and PSO approaches. Comparisons of process time performance and the performance measurement of the system are made in order to evaluate both approaches in terms of their step response through the MATLAB/Simulink platform.The results demonstrate that the PSO approach produces promising results with lower overshoot compared to the ZN approach.It is found that the PSO approach would be advantageous for the industries related to single tank water control system for a better PID gain tuning.
Highlights
Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) control is the three basic control modes widely used in various applications nowadays, especially in plants and industrial processes
The PIDPSO controller is able to reduce overshooting effectively due to the objective function applied in the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) approach which can minimize large overshooting in a process plant
This study presents a tuning problem of a single tank water level dynamic control system by tuning the gain of PID controller in a process control system
Summary
Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) control is the three basic control modes widely used in various applications nowadays, especially in plants and industrial processes. Examples of this type of processes are in power plants, food and beverage, pharmaceutical, manufacturing and packaging applications (Mehta & Reddy, 2015). A number of applications related to controllers exist such as in industries which involved with temperature regulation, pressure, flow rate, chemical composition, speed and other applications. The main issue in PID process control is related to tuning. In an automated industry and plant, water control system is very important, especially in industrial process control to monitor water/fluid level in a tank according to the desired level. The output of the water level will vary, producing various outputs that affect the process
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