Abstract
The performance-based design of caisson breakwaters is quite sensitive to the selection of extremal distribution functions for storm wave heights. A new spread parameter γ50 is introduced to characterize extreme distribution functions, being defined as the ratio of 50-year wave height to 10-year height. The threshold criterion for permissible sliding distance is set at the exceedance probability of total sliding distance over 0.3 m being 0.10. Analysis of sliding performance of caisson breakwaters by the Monte Carlo simulation shows that the extreme distribution with a large γ50 value demands a large caisson width in the location where the water depth is greater than about 2.5 times the equivalent deepwater significant wave height. In shallower water, however, the effect of the distribution function disappears because the wave breaking process dominates the breakwater stability. The optimal return period is 4 to 5 times the service lifetime in the offshore zone, but it becomes shorter than the service lifetime in shallow water.
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