Abstract
This study aimed to adjust the turbulence models to the real behavior of the numerical wave flume (NWF) and the future research that will be carried out on it, according to the turbulence model that best adjusts to each particular case study. The k-ε, k-ω and large-eddy simulation (LES) models, using the volume of fluid (VOF) method, were analyzed and compared respectively. The wavemaker theory was followed to faithfully reproduce the waves, which were measured in an experimental wave flume (EWF) and compared with the theory to validate each turbulence model. Besides, reflection was measured with the Mansard and Funke method, which has shown promising results when studying one of the most critical turbulent behaviors in the wave flume, called the breaking of the waves. The free surface displacement obtained with each turbulence model was compared with the recorded signals located at three points of the experimental wave flume, in the time domain of each run, respectively. Finally, the calculated reflection coefficients and the amplitudes of the reflected waves were compared, aiming to have a better understanding of the wave reflection process at the extinction zone. The research showed good agreement between all the experimental signals and the numerical outcomes for all the turbulence models analyzed.
Highlights
Computational modelling is one of the most important tools when working in offshore and coastal engineering applications
With the application of the buoyancy term, the turbulence model significantly reduced the overestimation of the turbulent kinetic energy in the flow field
The results were compared for all the turbulence models and for both the theoretically and experimentally obtained results
Summary
Computational modelling is one of the most important tools when working in offshore and coastal engineering applications. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) show, supported by the evolution of the hardware, great potential in the study of these topics This is reflected in the creation of numerical wave flumes (NWFs) [5] and numerical wave tanks (NWTs) [6] in the last years. Some researchers have compared both methods in order to define their differences and see how the selection of each one affects to the final result [27] Another turbulence model has arisen in the last years and has shown promising results in the field of marine energies. The scope of this paper was to directly compare different turbulence models for future research, such as OWC device behavior or breaking waves studies. This study allows us to see the behavior of three turbulence models generating second-order waves with a moving wall and the energy dissipation of an extinction system. The NWF, unlike the EWF, has a 12-m length, due to the elimination of the volume of water that is beThhinedNtWheFw, uanvleikmeatkheer.EWAsF,thhiassvao1l2u-mmelehnagsthn,odiunefltuoetnhceeeilnimthineawtioanveofgtehneervaotliuomn eanodf wreaflteercttihoant, iistsbiemhpinledmtheentwataiovnemisauknenr.eAcessstharisyvaonldumweouhladsonnolyininflcureenacsee tinhethceomwpauvteagtieonnearlactoiosnt oafnedacrhefsleimctuiolant,ioitns. implementation is unnecessary and would only increase the computational cost of each simulation
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