Performance Assessment of a MPID controller in Microgrid Systems for Load Frequency Control

Abstract

This study provides a novel methodology to design an A.C. off-grid multi-microgrid (MMG) system and suggests an analytical method for load frequency management utilizing a multistage PID (MPID) controller based on the sine cosine algorithm. The unique benefits of an MMG system are similar to those of renewable energy sources (RES), such as solar system models, wind turbine models, etc. There is a conflict between the MMG system's source and the load requirement because of the erratic properties of renewable energy sources. The irregular nature of renewable energy sources has an impact on the frequency of the system. Therefore, it is very difficult these days to check the frequency in a MMG system. This article uses the SCA-based MPID to tune the controller parameter for secondary frequency control, despite all of the complexity. In the power system, LFC (load frequency control ) is achieved by regulating active power. The dynamic response of the conventional PI-PID controller has been used to assess the effectiveness of the proposed MPID controller. Using the sine and cosine approaches, the parameters are optimized.