Abstract
In this paper, we design a mathematical model for performance and reliability evaluation of the IEEE 802.11p Enhanced Distributed Channel Access (EDCA) broadcast scheme in Dedicated Short-Range Communication (DSRC) with the presence of hidden terminals. Specifically, we first introduce a more accurate semi-Markov process (SMP) model to portray the channel contention among multiple types of safety messages and their backoff behavior in DSRC based vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) with the influence of hidden terminals. Each type of safety message's generation and service in an individual vehicular node is modeled leveraging a unique M/G/1/K queue. For the channel contention, the SMP model interrelates with theM/G/1/K queue via fixed-point iteration. Additionally, grounded on the solution of fixed-point iteration, we acquire the performance indices such as packet delay (PD), packet delivery rate (PDR), and packet reception rate (PRR). The new SMP model considers the IEEE 802.11p EDCA backoff counter process, unsaturated packet arrivals, limited MAC queue length, hidden terminals, Nakagami-m fading channel with distance-related path loss, and distinct transmission, carrier sensing and interference ranges. Eventually, we validate the correctness of the model through the comparison between the numerical and simulation results under different network parameters and prove that the proposed model has an advantage over the existing models in analyzing the impact of hidden terminals on PDR and PRR.
Highlights
With the rapid development of the economy, the number of vehicles is increasing, and traffic accidents are rising
It works at the 5.9-GHz band with assigned 75 MHz bandwidth consisting of a 10-MHz wide control channel (CCH) intended for common safety communications and six 10-MHz wide service channels (SCHs) who are responsible for non-safety applications
A new semi-Markov process (SMP) based analytical model is developed to accurately characterize the continuous-time behavior of different types of broadcast services over CCH adopting IEEE 802.11p Enhanced Distributed Channel Access (EDCA) which is of great significance as it is a default medium access control (MAC) protocol of Dedicated Short-Range Communication (DSRC) and whether it can afford differentiated broadcasting services in terms of performance and reliability is vital for safety applications
Summary
With the rapid development of the economy, the number of vehicles is increasing, and traffic accidents are rising. An analytic model where a DTMC interacting with an M /G/1 queue was built by [14]–[17] to evaluate the two types of safety messages broadcast services performance involving the backoff counter process, unsaturated packet arrivals, and hidden terminals. A new SMP based analytical model is developed to accurately characterize the continuous-time behavior of different types of broadcast services over CCH adopting IEEE 802.11p EDCA which is of great significance as it is a default MAC protocol of DSRC and whether it can afford differentiated broadcasting services in terms of performance and reliability is vital for safety applications.
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