Performance and regional applicability analysis of a building low-carbon heating system based on PV/T-GSHP

Abstract

Solar energy and geothermal energy, as conveniently usable clean and renewable energy sources for human society, have been widely developed and utilized in recent years. Photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) and ground source heat pump (GSHP) technologies, as efficient methods for utilizing these two types of clean energy, have attracted significant attention and extensive research. This study focuses on an integrated heating system of PV/T and GSHP, and employs a multi-criteria optimization method based on game theory principles to optimize the basic parameters of the low-carbon heating system for optimal system design. By evaluating the performance of the system in terms of energy efficiency, economy, environment, and independence in 34 major regions, the regional applicability of the system is assessed. Macao, Tibet, Qinghai, and Ningxia are the regions with the highest scores of 100、91.49、80.95 and 74.39, respectively. In contrast, regions with low scores such as Guizhou, Taiwan, Chongqing, Sichuan, and Hunan are primarily influenced by economic factors and annual irradiation levels. The proposed low-carbon heating system performs well in more than 50% of the areas. Considering global annual total radiation and average annual temperature, as well as the heating demands of different regions, the system can achieve a supply of clean energy ranging from 37% to 112%. The research and application of the PV/T-GSHP system are of great significance for achieving carbon neutrality in the building energy supply sector.