Performance and processing yield comparisons of Large White male turkeys by genetic lines, sources, and seasonal rearing

Abstract

Large White male turkey genetic lines (GL) comparison in performance and processing yields under the same conditions are rare in the literature. Two rearing experiments (EXP) were conducted to accomplish 2 objectives. The first objective was to test the effects of poult source and genetic lines on performance and processing yields. The second objective was to extract season and growth patterns when comparing both EXP common treatments. In EXP 1, male poults from 5 different sources were randomly assigned to 48 concrete: litter-covered floor pens. In EXP 2, male poults from 7 different genetic lines were randomly assigned to 48 concrete: litter-covered floor pens. For both EXP, the experimental design was a completely randomized block design with a one-factor arrangement. Both EXP were placed in the same house with the same management and nutrition in two separate seasons of the same year. Bird performance and carcass processing yield were analyzed in SAS 9.4 or JMP 15.1 in a mixed model. In EXP 1 no significant difference in BW or processing yield was observed. However, a similar GL from a commercial hatchery had an improved feed conversion ratio (FCR) over the same GL sourced directly from the genetic company hatchery. In EXP 2, statistical differences were observed in performance and breast meat yield depending on the GL. A season effect was observed when comparing the two EXP. Birds raised in the fall season had a 2 kg BW increase, on average, over their spring counterparts. This difference in BW can also be observed in a statistically higher breast meat yield by the birds raised in the fall over the ones raised in the spring. In conclusion, a comparison between GL resulted in effects due to genetic line, poult source, and rearing season on bird performance and carcass yield.