Abstract
The start-up process, microbial communities, and metagenomic features of a micro-aerated anaerobic reactor for the treatment of sulfate wastewater were investigated. At a COD/SO42- ratio of 1.0 of the influent, the average COD, SO42- and NH4+-N removal rate in the micro-aerated anaerobic reactor was 93.43%, 34.97%, and 28.88%, respectively. However, with the COD/SO42- ratio increased from 1.0 to 1.5, the average COD removal rate reduced by 15.55% and the average removal rate of SO42- increased by 2.85%. When the COD/SO42- ratio was 1.5, the activities of sulfite reductase, acetate kinase, and coenzyme F420 were highest in the sludge, with average concentrations of 0.12 Um/L, 0.089 mol/L, and 0.00913 mmol/g, respectively. During the whole experiment, the fluorescence peak of coenzyme F420 appeared in the LB-EPS, while the peaks of tryptophan-like protein and tyrosine-like protein appeared in TB-EPS. Proteobacteria was the main phylum in all three stages, with relative abundances of 28.17%, 22.74%, and 19.94%, respectively. Methanosaeta was the main genus, with relative abundances of 8.98%, 5.64%, and 7.08%, respectively, in stages A, B, and C. Meanwhile, the relative abundance of the dissimilatory sulfate reduction modules was 0.0083%, 0.0189%, and 0.0115%, which ensured the removal of sulfate in the micro-aerated anaerobic reactor.
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