Abstract
This research evaluates the possibility of using straight oils such as castor oil, which is not suitable for food use, and sunflower oil, used as a standard reference for waste cooking oils, in blends with gasoline as second-generation biofuels. To this end, a study of the rheological properties of biofuels obtained from these double blends has been carried out. The aim is to take advantage of the different properties of gasoline, i.e., its low viscosity and its high energy density to obtain blends whose rheological properties allow the substitution of fossil diesel in high extent. The incorporation of fossil diesel to these gasoline/oil mixtures produces diesel/gasoline/oil triple blends, which exhibited the suitable rheological properties to be able to operate in conventional diesel engines. Therefore, the behavior of these blends has been evaluated in a conventional diesel engine, operating as an electricity generator. The triple blends allow the substitution of fossil diesel up to 40% with sunflower oil, and up to 25% with castor oil, with excellent power results achieved for blends in which diesel is substituted up to 40%, and also in fuel consumption at high demand in comparison to conventional fossil diesel. Besides, a significant reduction in the emission of pollutants has also been obtained with these triple blends.
Highlights
Nowadays, fossil fuels constitute the main source of energy supply for transport
The double blends which met the requirements of the EN 14214 standard for being employed as biofuels were blended with fossil diesel in different proportions to obtain the triple blends
W of the oil in a suitable only solvent, orderblends to reduce its viscosityexhibited to the appropriate level demanded the power demanded, the in double of gasoline/oil higher consumption than by diesel
Summary
Fossil fuels constitute the main source of energy supply for transport. About 11 billion tons of fossil fuels are consumed each year worldwide [1]. It is expected that the fossil fuel demand will continue to rise, which will unavoidably lead to a scenario where fossil fuels run out [2]. In addition to the depletion of fossil fuels, as the demand for energy continues growing, the undesirable environmental effects linked to its production and consumption are becoming more evident by the day. From fossil fuel combustion are the primary causes of both atmospheric pollution and human health damage. For this reason, the generation of a safe, efficient and clean energy system is a priority
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