Performance and emission characteristics of diesel engine fueled with diesel, bio diesel and additives

Abstract

The present experimental work is carried out to improve the performance and emission characteristics of biofuel blend proportion-1 [diesel (80 %)-biodiesel (20 %) (Corn biodiesel)]. Comparative analysis is done for addition of Corn biodiesel (denoted as CB) and aluminium oxide nano-particle (Al2O3) at various concentrations. Diesel and CB with 25 ppm Al2O3, denoted as DCB-1, DCB with 50 ppm Al2O3, denoted as DCB -2, Proportion-2 [Diesel 70% and CB 30%] with 25 ppm and 50 ppm Al2O3, denoted as DCB-3 and denoted as DCB-4, respectively are selected as fuels for this work. The above-mentioned procedure is followed for making cerium oxide nano-particle biofuel blend proportions. Experimental results obtained shows that, Diesel addition in Corn biodiesel with Al2O3 resulted in raised HC(Hydrocarbon), CO (Carbon monoxide), CO2 (Carbon dioxide) and BSFC (Brake specific fuel consumption) with decreased NOx (Oxides of nitrogen). The high latent heat evaporation and Low temperature combustion (LTC) of blend is the reason for these values. Further addition of Al2O3 particles in DCB resulted in increase in NOx and smoke with lowered HC, CO, CO2 and BSFC in both cases. This could be attributed to enhanced surface area to volume ratio of mixture during rapid combustion process, higher catalytic combustion and reduced evaporation. At higher engine loads, the peak pressure of DCB-1 is highest and that of DCB-2 is lowest. Maximum heat release rate of DCB-1 is highest and DCB-3 is lowest. DCB blends with additives Al2O3 resulted in formation of higher particulate matter (PM), however, at engine loads of 75 % and 100 %, DCB-1 blend displayed lowered PM. Overall results shows that, DCB-1 and DCB-3 gives comparatively higher engine performance, better combustion and lower emissions.