Performance and emission analysis of a diesel engine using hydrogen enriched n-butanol, diethyl ester and Spirulina microalgae biodiesel

Abstract

Comparative assessment of hydrogen added diesel, Spirulina microalgae, n-butanol and diethyl ester fuels was done to evaluate the effects of the fuel blends on the performance and exhaust emissions of a diesel engine. The impact of hydrogen energy share (5, 10, 15 and 20%) on the diesel engine at low (25%), medium (50%) and high (100%) engine loads with a constant injection timing, speed of 1500 rpm and a higher fuel injection pressure of 220 bar was analysed. The addition of hydrogen energy to the fuels increased the brake thermal efficiency (BTE) and also showed a decrease in the fuel consumption for all engine loads. Hydrogen energy addition, cylinder pressure and NOX increased at high loads. CO2 and smoke emissions were reduced with hydrogen as an additional fuel at all engine loads. The results showed that with the addition of hydrogen (15%), NOX emission increased by 21.3%, BSN emission decreased by 22.89%, specific fuel consumption decreased by 18.3% and BTE improved by 0.95% at higher engine loads. Moreover, with the addition of hydrogen energy, increases in PM, NOX, and the summary of emission were observed.