Performance and acceptance of a partially automated shuttle service for commuters using a Tesla Model X

Abstract

This contribution presents results of a three-month field trial for cross border commuters with a partially automated shuttle. In lack of a fully automated mini-bus with high travelling speed, a semi-automated service based on Tesla Model X was implemented, trying to maximize the share of automated driving while exploiting allowed speed limits. The commuters had an overall positive attitude towards the service and the majority would be willing to use such a service if provided for them. Results regarding the acceptance differ from studies conducted with low-speed people movers mainly regarding comfort and safety. The results provide insights into which parameters matter for reaching a high acceptance of such offers. The analysis of the data logged directly from the used vehicles show that safety drivers handled the technical system differently, reflecting varying levels of trust and experience. This resulted in driver dependent shares of Autopilot usage on the same track and under the same circumstances. Combined, the passenger acceptance study and technical evaluation of the field test point out to the gaps to fill before a competitive alternative to the individual car will be available.