Performance Analysis on Briquetting Bio Mass with Different Size in 10 kW Down Draft Gasifier

Abstract

Now a day Briquetting of biomass material is significantly used in bio mass gasifier. It over come various problems in the production of producer gas in down draft gasifier in terms of quality, smoke reduction, higher thermal efficiency and less tar content. An experimental study reveals that, briquetting of bio mass materials saw dust and cow dung having a ratio of 75:25 have significant heating value and performance in the down draft bio mass gasifier. Generally the down draft gasifier is being used in villages for power generation and rural electrification, where in different sizes of rural bio mass material being used. Even though the briquetting of saw dust and cow dung is best suitable for down draft gasifier the size of briquette plays vital role on its effectiveness in gasification process. This paper deals the performance analysis about the briquetting bio mass material, ie. Saw dust and cow dung with 75:25 ratio for optimum gasification performance and deals with optimum size of briquette which yield higher heating value in gasification. This experiment was carried out with briquetting of Binder bio mass material ie. Cow dung with saw dust is experimentally investigated at 800°C using gasification technique in a downdraft gasifier with different cylindrical type briquette sizes with internal dia. 10mm and external dia. 40mm and height varies from 40mm, 50mm and 60mm. The air flow rate and pressure drop across the gasifier is calculated. The percentage of combustible gases like H2, CO, CH4, CO2, and N2 formed during gasification are found. The thermal efficiency and calorific value of the producer gas for different sizes of briquetting biomass material was calculated. Experimental results indicate that briquetting at 75:25 ratio of sawdust and cow dung with size (40mm x60mm) is the best suitable biomass Briquette for gasifier compared to the other two sizes considered. The result shows that the gas composition of methane is comparably high in this size (i.e. 40mm x60mm) than other two sizes i.e.(40mm x50mm) and (40mm x40mm). Also found that, thermal efficiency and calorific value is comparatively high at 40mm x60mm size of briquette than other two sizes and it increases with air flow rate.