Performance analysis of zero-emission integrated energy system for low-density residential building clusters

Abstract

The low-density residential building clusters exist widely in Chinese towns and rural areas, and have advantages to achieve zero emission with lower energy density and larger available space. However, the path for these areas to achieve zero emission is not clear yet and needs to be investigated. This study attempts to explore the approaches that the low-density residential communities achieve carbon neutrality considering local and external energy resources comprehensively. Regional zero-emission energy systems are designed and optimized to meet users' multiple energy demands. Five scenarios are established and compared based on the different combinations of energy resources. Results show that the regional self-sufficiency ratio can be 72.9%, and external energy supply is required even for the low-density areas. The PV installation area can be up to 100%, and the utilization of the local municipal waste can significantly increase the self-sufficiency ratio, about 24% of the power generation. The systems' economic performance is not attractive yet, with the minimum payback period about 8 years. If the carbon tax is adopted and the external fuels’ price decreases, applications of the systems could be feasible. This paper would provide guidelines and suggestions to promote the zero-emission energy systems in the low-density areas.